Dysplasia - A term that refers to pathology in the development of organs, tissues and parts of the human body. Which can have a beginning both in the period of embryogenesis and in the postnatal period.
Usually this pathology consists in various kinds of changes in the size, shape, structure of cells, tissues and organs and is congenital, although in some cases it manifests itself in childhood and even in older people.
Depending on the nature of the affected organ or tissues, dysplasia of the connective tissue, cervical uterus, hip joint, metaepiphyseal and fibrous diplasia are distinguished.
Ectodermal diplasia combines more than a hundred congenital diseases that affect the nails, hair, sweat glands, teeth. It also affects the shape of the fingers and toes, vision expressed in sensitivity to light, etc.
Cervical dysplasia is the most common form of acquired dysplasia. Which mainly affects women of reproductive age - from 23-25 years to 30-35., In most cases, it is caused by human papillomavirus.
Skeletal dysplasia, affects the structure of cartilage and bone structure. It is generally considered to be a congenital disorder, one of the consequences of which may be metaphysical chondrodysplasia, a violation of the nervous and cardiovascular systems, short stature, etc.
Musculoskeletal dysplasia most often affecting the carotid and renal arteries, is characterized by hyperactive cell growth directly in the walls of the arteries, which causes their narrowing.
Dysplasia - causes
Basically, all the causes of the disease are of a genetic nature, as a result of which the pathology develops with hormonal changes, with oxygen deficiency of the walls of various vessels and their internal mechanical stress, infectious or gynecological diseases of the mother, adverse environmental factors, etc. The acquired form of the disease is caused mainly by postpartum or birth injuries. Cervical dysplasia provokes the papilloma virus and impaired immunity.
Dysplasia - Symptoms
The symptomatology of dysplasia primarily depends on the type of disease and on the developmental disruption of a particular organ or tissue. Since with fibrotic dysplasia, there is a violation of blood circulation due to narrowing of blood vessels, while the skeletal form of the disease is associated with a violation of the structure of the human skeleton. Ectoderm dysplasia is manifested by hair loss, irregular shape of nails and various skin diseases. However, with all this, there are unifying factors of disorders and pathological changes, the main of which are the occurrence of irregular cell shapes (pocilocytosis), size mismatch (anisocytosis), tissue pigmentation disorders (hyperchromatosis), as well as mitotic abnormal cell activity.
Dysplasia - diagnosis
Includes:
* examination by a doctor;
* comprehensive examination for the papilloma virus (if necessary);
* hormonal examination;
* coloscopy;
* Ultrasound;
* cytological examination;
* radiography.
Dysplasia treatment
The treatment of dysplasia and its manifestations depends on organs and tissues susceptible to pathology. Musculoskeletal dysplasia is treated with angioplasty and reconstructive surgery, while normalizing blood pressure with medications.
Cervical, caused by papillomavirus, is treated with cryosurgery - by freezing, laser therapy and electrosurgical loop excision, etc.
Therapy of skeletal dysplasia is mainly aimed at reducing the development of complications of disorders of the cardiovascular system and neurological diseases.
Treatment of ectoderm dysplasia is aimed at eliminating the main symptoms of the disease.
