Outdoor games, physical activity - an integral part of the life of a child of preschool age. Provided that the state of health allows you to show this activity. Without normal movement, there can be no adequate physical development, health problems are likely. Weakened immunity as an option. But it is a question of physical, not sports load. What is the difference? In desire, expediency and intensity.
As a rule, the child himself chooses what to do during moments of physical activity: he runs, plays, stops when he sees fit, he doses the load himself, provides himself with feasible activity. These are the key differences. Sport, however, involves the implementation of certain instructions, and if we talk about professional training, it will also achieve certain results. Such loads definitely do not bring much benefit to the child. Rather, the opposite. What are the pros and cons of such an activity, can it even be practiced in the preschool years?
On the advantages of sports load for preschoolers
The benefits of intense physical activity are not so many:
- Active supply of tissues with oxygen and nutrients. Mechanical stress leads to an increase in blood pressure. Tissues receive more arterial blood rich in oxygen and nutrients. Venous blood is quickly diverted from organs and systems, the process continues. This contributes to better nutrition of the whole body, stabilization of metabolic, metabolic processes.
- Training of the heart, blood vessels. With an intense load, jumps in blood pressure can be significant. The body learns to stabilize its own state, to achieve equilibrium (homeostasis). Vessels become more elastic. The heart learns to throw out more blood in one contraction. Hemodynamics is provided due to the quality of contractions, and not their quantity.
- Physical development. Sport allows you to achieve the overall physical development of the body due to regular physical activity.
Cons of sports load
If we talk about sports in terms of intense physical activity, a way to achieve results, then this activity has a lot of minuses:
- Severe stress on the body. With regular heavy workouts, compensatory processes will begin: myocardial growth (cardiomegaly), thickening of blood vessels. Arrhythmias and other processes dangerous to health and life are possible. Also, with overload, a decrease in immunity is likely due to the intense release of stress hormones (cortisol, adrenaline, norepinephrine).
- Lack of consideration of the individual capabilities of the body. Intensive workload requires the selection of an individual training program. Each person has his own level of physical development, respectively, and the limit will be individual. It must be taken into account so as not to create a load on a fragile organism; the line is very thin. The participation of a doctor and trainer is required. The issue also has a financial component. Specialist services will be expensive.
- Possible reluctance to play sports. Not always the desire of the child is taken into account when choosing classes. Rather, the opposite. It is possible unwillingness to play sports. Constant stress, excessive stress will lead to increased fatigue. Already in school years, this can lead to problems with academic performance.
- The likelihood of detecting hidden diseases. In many cases, the initial stages of heart defects, pathologies from the respiratory, nervous systems, bones are not detected until a certain point, until they "mature". The reason is that at the very beginning, physical activity is needed to detect symptoms that cannot be obtained under normal, “non-athletic” conditions. Usually problems are found in schoolchildren during physical education classes. In this case, the child and his parents run the risk of encountering trouble much earlier. How the disorder will turn out is a difficult question. The consequences are unpredictable.
Sport in preschool years can only be viewed from the perspective of the type of activity, and not the way to achieve stunning results. Professional and near-professional sport in the preschool years is a difficult test for the body and continuous harm for a growing person.
What kinds of sports can be practiced, and which ones are not worth it
Sport in childhood should be an interesting, easy exercise. Only as a method of physical development, and then not the main one, it is necessary to constantly monitor the health of the child and, in case of any doubt, consult a doctor and, if necessary, stop classes.
In the preschool period (from about 4-5 years), the following sports are suitable:
- Football, volleyball.
- Swimming.
- Athletics.
- Martial Arts with minimal contact. Aikido, Wushu, Karate. Boxing and other similar sports are contraindicated, because they carry too much danger. Constant blows to the head, even in conditions of full insurance, will soon lead to trauma to the fragile nervous system, and mental impairment is possible. Martial arts are recommended with caution, because there is a risk of damage during sparring.
- Children from 6 years and older can be sent to winter sports. First of all, we are talking about skiing as the safest among other winter disciplines.
We should also say about dancing. Formally, they do not apply to sports, but they allow you to develop the body physically, on the one hand, to instill plastic surgery, and learn to control your body. Excessive load on the body does not occur. This option can be considered one of the best.
Sports loads, if we talk about serious systematic classes "on the result" are not useful and are contraindicated in children. As for the way to spend time, discipline the child, develop physically, moderate physical activity in the framework of a particular sport will be useful and interesting. It is important to consider the opinion and desire of the child.
